Tenses 3

Review of Tenses 3

TENSES		FORMS                                                              (Affirmative - A/Negative - N                     Question - Q)	USE	TIME  PHRASES
perfect	PRESENT	A: I/we/you/they    have    worked/gone.      He/she/it          has       worked/gone. N: I/we/you/they  have not (haven’t)  worked/gone.      He/she/it         has not (hasn’t)      worked/gone.   Q: Have                I/we/you/they       worked/gone?      Has                  he/she/it              worked/gone?	-is always connected with the present and the only thing which matters here is the result: the time when the action took place is of no importance:                                                        I have lost my keys. I can’t open the door. 1-to talk about a completed action connected with the present:                          I have seen this film and I can discuss it with you now. 2-questions in the Present Perfect never start with when:                                    When did you see this film?                                            3-with this morning/evening, today this week, this year (when the time periods are not finished at the time of speaking):                                                            Have you called you mother today?	already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now , of late, lately, recently; with for and since; with This is the first time … this morning/           evening, today, this week, this year
	PAST	A: I/you/we/they   had      worked/gone.      He/she/it          had      worked/gone. N: I/we/you/we/they  had not (hadn’t) worked/gone.      He/she it              had not (hadn’t) worked/gone. Q: Had    I/you/we/they    worked/gone?      Had    he/she/it            worked/gone?	1-denotes an action completed before a certain moment in the past; it is not used to denote a succession of actions (Past Simple):                                                               She has already finished her work when he came. But: When I wrote the letter, I posted it.(Past Simple – succession of actions) By the time the police arrived ,he had already disappeared.  2-with the conjunctions(hardly/scarcely/    nearly/barely + when…)                                                       I had hardly done it when they came. No sooner had they arrived than it started to rain.	when I entered, by 5 o’clock yesterday, (with the same adverbs as Present Perfect but in the past context); no sooner…than…
	FUTURE	A: I/we          shall*/will   have   worked/gone.     He/she/it    will               have   worked/gone.     You/they    will               have   worked/gone. N: I/we       shall not (shan’t) * have   worked/gone.                    will not  (won’t)           He/she/it   will not  (won’t)         You/they   will not  (won’t)     have   worked/gone. Q: Shall/will     I/we                    have   worked/gone?      Will              he/she/it             have   worked/gone?      Will              you/they             have   worked/gone?	1-denotes an action completed before a definite moment in the future:                                                        She will have finished this work by 2 o’clock tomorrow. The film will have already started by the time we come .Hurry up!	by this time tomorrow, by 2 o’clock tomorrow, when you come back